Internacional migration and political participation: transformations of citizenship and extraterritorial vote of Peruvians in the world

Abstract

The objective of the work is to analyze and characterize the political participation of Peruvians abroad based on official statistical data and empirical studies in different parts of the world, in particular in the countries where there are more Peruvian immigrants. It is explored from a citizenship approach and having as a theoretical framework political participation in its conventional and unconventional ways. The approach is qualitative based on descriptive statistics, following a historical analysis since the 1970s. It is found that electoral participation grows with each election, however absenteeism is very high and the preferences of voting abroad are towards parties of the conservative right. Likewise, unconventional participation is diverse, highlighting associations, community and digital activism. The various forms and spaces of participation allow the construction of political transnationalism from the State and citizens, and a transnational, direct and digital citizenship that is increasingly important, intercultural and citizen transformation, participating both in relation to the issuing country and of the receiving country.